英语单词词典

speedy美[spiːdi]英[spiːdi]adj.快速的；高速的；迅速的；敏捷的；立即的副词：speedily比较级：speedier最高级：speediest名词：speediness近义词：fast，rapid，quick，swift，fleet，hasty，expeditious，nimble，express，flying，summary，lightning，im......

speedwriting美英n.(用字母替代符号的)速记法名词：speedwriter......

speedwell美[spiːdwel]英[spiːdwel]n.[植]婆婆纳属的植物近义词：Veronica，详细释义n.(名词)【植】药用婆婆纳，婆婆纳属的植物，兔儿尾苗的一种斯彼得威尔（音译名）【植、药】药用婆婆钠英英释义NounanyplantofthegenusVeron......

speedway美[spiːdweɪ]英[spiːdweɪ]n.机车的竞赛场；赛车运动；高速公路近义词：track，course，circuit，racecourse，racetrack，英英释义Nounroadwherehighspeeddrivingisallowedaracetrackforracingautomobilesormotorcycles例......

speedup美[spiːdˌʌp]英[spiːdʌp]n.加速(增速；高速化；追赶；能率促进)近义词：quickening，acceleration，英英释义Nountheactofaccelerating;increasingthespeed例句Thispaperdiscussesthisdeeply,andoffersaspeedupmethod......

speedster美[spiːdstər]英[spiːdstə(r)]n.以高速行走的人；高速汽车；违反行车速度者例句用作名词(n.)Youareadocileguylivinginastreetinhabitedbythesespeedstergoonswhoalwaystauntyouforyourdemeanor.你是一个容......

speedread美[spiːdred]英[spiːdred]v.速读例句用作动词(v.)Thatswhyspeedreadingcoursesaresopopular,despitethefactthatyoualmostnevercomeacrossanyonewhocansuccessfullyspeedread.这也使得快速阅读的课程特别......

speedometer美[spiːdɑːmɪtər]英[spiːdɒmɪtə(r)]n.速度计；里程计近义词：speedo，gauge，clock，speedindicator，详细释义n.(名词)速度计里程计【机】示速器时速表测速计速测表转数计调速器速度表示速计英英释义Nouname......

speedlight美[spiːdlaɪt]英[spiːdlaɪt]n.闪光管(频闪放电管)例句IusetheinternalspeedlightofmyD70toflashtheobjectindaylighttoreducethehandshakingproblem.Giveyouaphotoforyourreference!用尽旧镜微距能力，专......

speeding美[spiːdɪŋ]英[spiːdɪŋ]adj.高速行驶的n.超速行驶近义词：fast-moving，hurtling，flying，moving，fast，rapid，speedy，speed，hurrying，英英释义Nounchanginglocationrapidly例句用作形容词(adj.)Thespeedingcarjumped......

speediness美[spiːdɪnəs]英[spiːdɪnəs]n.快速；迅速近义词：speed，quickness，rapidity，promptness，hastiness，swiftness，haste，hustle，fleetness，fastness，nimbleness，rapidness，celerity，英英释义Nounaratethatisrapid例句用作......

speedily美英adv.迅速地近义词：quickly，directly，headlong，pell-mell，rapidly，promptly，fast，soon，hastily，hurriedly，swiftly，withoutdelay，againsttheclock，immediately，apace，chop-chop，英英释义Adverbwithrapidmovements;"heworksq......

speedflash美[spiːdflæʃ]英[spiːdflæʃ]n.闪光管(频闪放电管)......

speeder美[spiːdə]英[spiːdə]n.违章超速驾驶者；调节速度的装置近义词：speeddemon，英英释义Nounadriverwhoexceedsthesafespeedlimit例句用作名词(n.)Roaddeathsparksoutcryatwell-offspeeder.公路交通事故死亡激起人......

speedcop美[spiːdkɒp]英[spiːdkɒp]n.制止汽车超速行驶的警察......

speedboat美[spiːdboʊt]英[spiːdbəʊt]n.快艇近义词：boat，英英释义Nounafastmotorboat例句用作名词(n.)Theytravelledonthelakebyspeedboat.他们乘快艇在湖上游荡。Thespeedboatboredownonus,nearlymissingourstern......

speedballer美[spiːdˌbɔːlə(r)]英[spiːdˌbɔːlə(r)]n.[棒]快速球投手......

speechwriter美[spiːtʃˌraɪtə]英[spiːtʃˌraɪtə]n.演讲稿撰写人名词：speechwriting英英释义Nounawriterwhocomposesspeechesforotherstodeliver例句用作名词(n.)MrBrownsownspeechwriterissaidtobe29。布朗先......

speechway美[spɪtʃˌweɪ]英[spiːtʃweɪ]n.某种特有的语言方式......

speechreading美[spiːtʃˌriːdɪŋ]英[spiːtʃˌriːdɪŋ]n.读唇法......

speechmaker美[spiːtʃˌmeɪkə]英[spiːtʃˌmeɪkə]n.演讲人；发言者名词：speechmaking近义词：speaker，spokesman，orator，raconteur，preacher，lecturer，communicator，speechifier，publicspeaker，rhetorician，英英释义Nounapers......

speechless美[spiːtʃləs]英[spiːtʃləs]adj.说不出话的；不会说话的；无言的；非言语能表达的副词：speechlessly名词：speechlessness近义词：dumb，silent，quiet，mute，mum，thunderstruck，gobsmacked，flabbergasted，astonished，astoun......

speechify美[spiːtʃəˌfaɪ]英[spiːtʃɪfaɪ]v.演说；长篇大论地说个不完；喋喋不休地说名词：speechifier过去式：speechified过去分词：speechified现在分词：speechifying第三人称单数：speechifies近义词：pontificate，lectur......

speechifier美[spiːtʃɪfaɪə(r)]英[spiːtʃɪfaɪə(r)]n.(滔滔不绝的)演说者近义词：publicspeaker，orator，rhetorician，speechmaker，英英释义Nounapersonwhodeliversaspeechororation......

speechcraft美[spiːtʃkrɑːft]英[spiːtʃkrɑːft]n.口才例句Canweinfluenceanimalsthroughspeechcraft?可以用演讲技能影响动物吗？Hisspeechcraftisevenbetterthanthemostexcellentspeechmaker.他的口才如此之好，......

speech美[spiːtʃ]英[spiːtʃ]n.演说；演讲；言语；语言能力近义词：address，lecture，oration，report，talk，accent，diction，pronunciation，silence，详细释义n.(名词)说话演说说话能力民族语言方言专门语言台词说话方式演讲发言演讲法......

sped美[sped]英[sped]sp.speed的过去式,过去分词英英释义名词speeddistancetravelledperunittimearate(usuallyrapid)atwhichsomethinghappenschanginglocationrapidlytheratioofthefocallengthtothediameterofa(came......

speculum美[spekjələm]英[spekjələm]n.反射镜；扩张器；[动]翼斑名词复数：specula详细释义n.(名词)反射镜金属镜扩张器【医】窥器【鸟】眼状斑诊视器诊察镜开张器【天】行星相对位置图谱【动】翼斑翼镜透明斑颈斑《镜......

speculatory美[spekjʊlətərɪ]英[spekjʊlətərɪ]adj.投机的......

speculator美[spekjuleɪtər]英[spekjuleɪtə(r)]n.投机者；投机商人；思索家近义词：adventurer，investor，entrepreneur，opportunist，wheeler-dealer，fortunehunter，player，plunger，详细释义n.(名词)投机者投机商人思索者推理者......

speculative美[spekjələtɪv]英[spekjələtɪv]adj.推测的；推理的；思索的；投机的副词：speculatively名词：speculativeness近义词：theoretical，uncertain，closet，thinking，pure，experimental，mental，conjectural，notional，risky，ten......

speculation美[ˌspekjuleɪʃn]英[ˌspekjuleɪʃn]n.推测；投机；沉思近义词：conjecture，supposition，theory，assumption，guesswork，meditation，opinion，rumour，rumor，gossip，venture，hearsay，thinking，surmise，guess，reflection，ponderi......

speculate美[spekjuleɪt]英[spekjuleɪt]vt.推测vi.投机；深思过去式：speculated过去分词：speculated现在分词：speculating第三人称单数：speculates近义词：conjecture，guess，contemplate，consider，gamble，risk，venture，hypothesize......

specular美[spekjələ]英[spekjʊlə]adj.镜子的；镜子一般的；会反射的副词：specularly近义词：mirrorlike，英英释义Adjectivecapableofreflectinglightlikeamirror;"mirrorlikesurfaceofthelake""aspecularmetal"例句Verte......

specula美[spekjələ]英[spekjʊlə]n.金属镜(镜齐；窥镜)例句Infact,itisacombinationofanastomatandrectalspeculum.它实际上是直肠镜与吻合器的一种结合物。Then,insertthespeculumgentlyintotheearcanal.然后，慢慢......

spectrum美[spektrəm]英[spektrəm]n.系列；幅度；范围；光谱；[科]频谱名词复数：spectra近义词：band，range，field，gamut，variety，continuum，scale，详细释义n.(名词)范围系列波谱幅度光谱频谱【无】射频频谱【电】电磁波谱【心】余像......

spectroscopy美[spektrɑːskəpi]英[spektrɒskəpi]n.[物]光谱学名词：spectroscopist名词复数：spectroscopies近义词：spectrometry，spectrumanalysis，spectroscopicanalysis，spectrographicanalysis，详细释义n.(名词)【物......

spectroscopic美[ˌspektrəskɒpɪk]英[ˌspektrəskɒpɪk]adj.分光镜的；藉分光镜的sp.=spectroscopical.近义词：spectroscopical，英英释义Adjectiveoforrelatingtoorinvolvingspectroscopy;"spectroscopicanalysis"例......

spectroscope美[spektrəskoʊp]英[spektrəskəʊp]n.分光镜形容词：spectroscopic副词：spectroscopically近义词：prismspectroscope，英英释义Nounanopticalinstrumentforspectrographicanalysis例句Correspondingoptical......

spectroradiometer美[ˌspektroʊˌreɪdɪɒmətə]英[spektrəʊreɪdɪɒmɪtə]n.分光辐射谱仪......

spectropolarimeter美[spektroʊpoʊlərɪmɪtə]英[spektrəʊpəʊlərɪmɪtə]n.分光偏振计......

spectrophotometer美[ˌspektroʊfoʊtɒmətə]英[ˌspektrəʊfəʊtɒmɪtə]n.分光光度计形容词：spectrophotometric名词：spectrophotometry英英释义Nounaphotometerforcomparingtwolightradiationswavelengthbywav......

spectrophotofluorometer美[spektroʊfoʊtəflʊərɒmɪtə]英[spektrəʊfəʊtəflʊərɒmɪtə]n.[化]荧光分光光度计......

spectrophotoelectric美[ˌspektroʊˌfoʊtoʊɪlektrɪk]英[spektrəʊfəʊtəʊɪlektrɪk]adj.分光光电作用的......

spectrophone美[spektrəfoʊn]英[spektrəfəʊn]n.[化]光谱测声器......

spectrometry美[spektrɒmɪtrɪ]英[spektrɒmɪtrɪ]n.光谱测定法；频谱测定法；能谱测定；度谱术近义词：spectroscopy，spectrumanalysis，spectroscopicanalysis，spectrographicanalysis，英英释义Nountheuseofspectroscopestoan......

spectrometric美[spektroʊmetrɪk]英[spektrəʊmetrɪk]adj.光谱测定的(度谱的；能谱仪的；分光仪的)英英释义Adjectiveoforrelatingtoorinvolvingspectrometry例句用作形容词(adj.)Inthispaper,experiencesinsearching......

spectrometer美[spektrɑːmɪtər]英[spektrɒmɪtə(r)]n.分光计；光谱仪形容词：spectrometric名词：spectrometry近义词：massspectrometer，详细释义n.(名词)【物】分光计【物】光谱仪【物】分光仪摄谱仪频谱仪析谱计英英......

spectrology美[spektrɒlədʒɪ]英[spektrɒlədʒɪ]n.光谱分析学......

spectrography美[spektrɒgrəfɪ]英[spektrɒgrəfɪ]n.摄谱学(摄谱术；摄谱仪使用法；分光摄象仪使用法)例句Quantitativeanalysisofsoiltraceelementsbyspectrograph.土壤微量元素的光谱法定量分析Direct-readingspect......

spectrograph美[spektrəˌgrɑːf]英[spektrəgrɑːf]n.光谱摄制仪；摄谱仪形容词：spectrographic副词：spectrographically名词：spectrography近义词：spectrogram，英英释义Nounaspectroscopebywhichspectracanbephotograph......

spectrogram美[spektrəˌgræm]英[spektrəʊgræm]n.[物理]光谱图；光谱照片近义词：spectrograph，英英释义Nounaphotographicrecordofaspectrum例句Theterm"spectrogram"isborrowedfromoptics.声谱图一词是从光学借来的......

spectrofluorometer美[spektroʊflʊərɒmɪtə(r)]英[spektrəʊflʊərɒmɪtə(r)]n.[物]分光荧光计......

spectrofluorimeter美[spektrəflʊərɪmɪtə]英[spektrəflʊərɪmɪtə]n.[物]分光荧光计......

spectrochemistry美[ˌspektroʊkemɪstrɪ]英[ˌspektrəʊkemɪstrɪ]n.光谱化学......

spectrobolometer美[ˌspektroʊboʊlɒmətə]英[spektrəʊbəʊlɒmɪtə]n.分光变阻测热计......

spectrin美[spektrɪn]英[spektrɪn]n.[生化]血影蛋白；幽灵蛋白例句用作名词(n.)Thatmeansprotectingspectrininnerecellspotentiallycouldsereasatreatmenttoslowprogressionofsomeneurodegeneratiediseases,headds.......

spectre美[spektər]英[spektə(r)]n.鬼怪；幽灵；幻觉sp.=specter.近义词：soul，monster，ghost，apparition，phantom，wraith，spook，spirit，vision，threat，menace，shadow，danger，possibility，anticipation，worry，specter，shade，phantasma，phanta......

spectrally美[spektrəlɪ]英[spektrəlɪ]adv.幽灵似地；可怕地例句Iamstudyingspectralclassification.我在学习光谱分类。Refractinglightwithoutspectralcolorseparation.消色差的，不分光的折射光没有光谱颜色分离的......

spectral美[spektrəl]英[spektrəl]adj.幽灵的；光谱的副词：spectrally名词：spectrality近义词：ghostly，ghostlike，phantom，ethereal，supernatural，shadowy，unearthly，apparitional，spiritual，phantasmal，详细释义adj.(形容词)幽灵......

spectra美[spektrə]英[spektrə]n.光谱sp.名词spectrum的复数形式.例句用作名词(n.)Filterselectionismadeusinginherentspectra.滤色镜的选择必须利用固有光谱。Theycouldlookatthespectraofthelightthemoonsreflec......

spectinomycin美[ˌspektənoʊmaɪsɪn]英[spektɪnəmaɪsɪn]n.[微]奇放线菌素；壮观霉素；奇霉素(用作抗淋病药)英英释义Nounanantibioticusedtotreatgonorrhea例句Iftheamusementpark:Nanhuamusementpark,theworldSp......

specter美[spektə]英[spektə]n.幽灵；妖怪；恐怖的根源sp.=spectre(英）.近义词：ghost，apparition，phantom，spook，vision，wraith，shade，spirit，threat，menace，shadow，danger，possibility，worry，anticipation，spectre，phantasma，phantasm，fant......

spectator美[spekteɪtər]英[spekteɪtə(r)]n.观众；旁观者形容词：spectatorial名词：spectatorship近义词：watcher，witness，viewer，beholder，gawker，bystander，passerby，onlooker，sightseer，rubberneck，gazer，cinema-goer，observer，to......

spectate美[spekteɪt]英[spekteɪt]vi.出席观看过去式：spectated过去分词：spectated现在分词：spectating第三人称单数：spectates近义词：watch，observe，lookon，look，takein，witness，view，英英释义Verbbeaspectatorinasportsevent......

spectacularity美[spektækjʊlærɪtɪ]英[spektækjʊlærɪtɪ]n.壮观；引人注目例句Thenewplaywasaspectacularsuccess.这出新戏获得了巨大的成功。Apubliccelebrationorspectacularpageant.盛典公共庆祝活动或热闹......

spectacular美[spektækjələr]英[spektækjələ(r)]adj.壮观的；令人惊叹的n.壮观；豪华节目副词：spectacularly名词：spectacularity近义词：dramatic，sensational，wonderful，imposing，scenic，theatrical，stunning，impressive，amaz......

spectacled美[spektəkəld]英[spektəkld]adj.戴眼镜的；有眼镜状的斑纹的近义词：monocled，bespectacled，英英释义Adjectivewearing,orhavingthefaceadornedwith,eyeglassesoraneyeglass;"abespectacledgrandmother""them......

spectacle美[spektəkl]英[spektəkl]n.（复）眼镜近义词：sight，exhibition，pageant，show，display，marvel，phenomenon，performance，curiosity，pomp，miracle，prospect，play，monster，scene，vision，wonder，demonstration，event，parade，详细释义n.(......

specs美[speks]英[speks]n.眼镜（spectacles的缩写）；规范（specifications的缩写）近义词：glasses，spectacles，eyeglasses，goggles，pince-nez，monocle，英英释义Nounopticalinstrumentconsistingofaframethatholdsapairoflensesforcor......

specky美[speki]英[speki]adj.有斑点的；有瑕疵的......

speckless美[speklɪs]英[speklɪs]adj.没有瑕疵的(没有斑点的)近义词：spick，spotless，spic，spick-and-span，spic-and-span，immaculate，英英释义Adjectivecompletelyneatandclean;"theapartmentwasimmaculate""inherimmacula......

speckled美[spekld]英[spekld]adj.有斑点的sp.动词speckle的过去式和过去分词形式.近义词：mottled，dotted，specked，spotted，freckled，dappled，flecked，stippled，详细释义adj.(形容词)有斑点的布满斑点的有色斑的如斑点般散布的......

speckle美[spekl]英[spekl]n.小斑点vt.点缀近义词：spot，mark，fleck，spatter，mottle，stipple，dapple，speck，dot，dust，bespeckle，maculation，patch，英英释义Nounasmallcontrastingpartofsomething;"abaldspot""aleopardsspots""apatch......

speck美[spek]英[spek]n.斑点；灰尘；污点；少量v.用斑点标记过去式：specked过去分词：specked现在分词：specking第三人称单数：specks近义词：particle，spot，crumb，iota，dot，scrap，grain，fleck，dab，blob，fragment，speckle，stipple，shade，spatter，s......

speciously美[spiːʃəslɪ]英[spiːʃəslɪ]adv.外表美观地(似是而非地)近义词：falsely，erroneously，inaccurately，incorrectly，baselessly，deceptively，wrongly，spuriously，misleadingly，英英释义Adverbinaspeciousmanner......

specious美[spiːʃəs]英[spiːʃəs]adj.似是而非的；华而不实的副词：speciously名词：speciosity近义词：colorable，spurious，false，hollow，erroneous，baseless，inaccurate，unfounded，fallacious，phony，phoney，sham，bogus，incorrect，unt......

speciosity美[ˌspiːʃɪɒsətɪ]英[ˌspiːʃɪɒsɪtɪ]n.似是而非；徒有其表......

speciology美[ˌspiːʃɪɒlədʒɪ]英[ˌspiːʃɪɒlədʒɪ]n.种族学......

specimen美[spesɪmən]英[spesɪmən]n.标本；样本近义词：example，pattern，sample，type，详细释义n.(名词)标本样品，样板，范本实例，例子家伙，怪人【医】抽样（如血样，尿样等）试料典型雏形adj.(形容词)作为样本的双解释义n.(名词)[C]......

specilize美[speʃəlaɪz]英[speʃəlaɪz]v.专攻过去式：specialized过去分词：specialized现在分词：specializing第三人称单数：specializes近义词：specify，concentrate，focus，majorin，study，specialise，particularize，narrowdown......

specilization美[ˌspeʃəlaɪzeɪʃn]英[ˌspeʃəlaɪzeɪʃn]n.专门化；特殊化sp.[生]特化器官（机体）.近义词：specialism，specialty，concentration，knowledge，expertknowledge，specialstudy，adaptation，change，mutation，selecti......

specify美[spesɪfaɪ]英[spesɪfaɪ]v.详细说明；指定；阐述名词：specifier过去式：specified过去分词：specified现在分词：specifying第三人称单数：specifies近义词：enumerate，list，itemize，indicate，detail，spellout，stipulate，laydow......

specification美[ˌspesɪfɪkeɪʃn]英[ˌspesɪfɪkeɪʃn]n.规格；详述近义词：condition，description，provision，reference，clause，requirement，bill，plan，order，arrangement，measurement，design，pattern，spec，stipulation，双解释义n......

specifically美[spəsɪfɪkli]英[spəsɪfɪkli]adv.特别地；明确地；具体地近义词：namely，personally，exactly，precisely，indetail，explicitly，definitely，specially，purposely，particularly，exclusively，expressly，inparticular，dist......

specific美[spəsɪfɪk]英[spəsɪfɪk]adj.明确的；特殊的；具有特效的n.特效药；详情；特性副词：specifically名词：specificity近义词：clear，concrete，definite，general，nonspecific，详细释义adj.(形容词)明确的，具体的，详尽的特定的......

specifiable美[spesɪfaɪəbl]英[spesɪfaɪəbl]adj.可指明的英英释义Adjectivecapableofbeingspecified;"specifiablecomplaints"例句Istheatopypatchtestwithhousedustmitesspecificforatopicdermatitis?用房内尘......

species美[spiːʃiːz]英[spiːʃiːz]n.种类；（单复同）物种名词复数：species近义词：kind，type，group，variety，class，sort，category，feather，description，form，genus，order，classification，详细释义n.(名词)种类，类，类型【生】种（分类上小......

specie美[spiːʃɪ]英[spiːʃiː]n.硬币；以同样的方式近义词：circulation，coinage，metalmoney，mintage，英英释义Nouncoinscollectively例句用作名词(n.)Theresumptionofspeciepaymentappreciatedthecurrency.恢复给硬币，使......

speciation美[ˌspiːsiːeɪʃən]英[ˌspiːsiːeɪʃən]n.[生]物种形成形容词：speciational英英释义Nountheevolutionofabiologicalspecies例句用作名词(n.)TheMarianaMallardarosefromhybridspeciation.马里亚纳......

speciate美[spɪʃɪˌeɪt]英[spiːʃɪeɪt]vi.[生](通过进化)形成物种近义词：specialise，specialize，differentiate，英英释义Verbevolvesoastoleadtoanewspeciesordevelopinawaymostsuitedtotheenvironment例句Evoluti......

specialty美[speʃəlti]英[speʃəlti]n.专业；专长；特别；特产；特性名词复数：specialties近义词：subject，field，study，discipline，area，profession，novelty，speciality，strongpoint，specialism，specialisation，strongsuit，metier，strengt......

specialties美[speʃəltɪz]英[speʃəltɪz]n.专门；特性；特别英英释义名词specialtyanassetofspecialworthorutilityadistinguishingtraitthespeciallineofworkyouhaveadoptedasyourcareer例句用作名词(n.)Theresulti......

specially美[speʃəli]英[speʃəli]adv.特别地；专门地；尤其近义词：personally，particularly，especially，inparticular，specifically，expressly，individually，toorder，peculiarly，详细释义adv.(副词)专门地尤其特别地特地格外特......

specializing美[speʃəlaɪzɪŋ]英[speʃəlaɪzɪŋ]sp.动词specialize的现在分词形式英英释义动词specializebecomemorefocusonanareaofactivityorfieldofstudybespecificaboutsuittoaspecialpurposedevoteonesel......

specialize美[speʃəlaɪz]英[speʃəlaɪz]v.专攻过去式：specialized过去分词：specialized现在分词：specializing第三人称单数：specializes近义词：specify，concentrate，focus，majorin，study，specialise，particularize，narrowdow......

specialization美[ˌspeʃəlaɪzeɪʃn]英[ˌspeʃəlaɪzeɪʃn]n.专门化；特殊化sp.[生]特化器官（机体）.近义词：specialism，specialty，concentration，knowledge，expertknowledge，specialstudy，adaptation，change，mutation，select......

speciality美[ˌspeʃiæləti]英[ˌspeʃiæləti]n.专长名词复数：specialities近义词：forte，line，specialization，strength，metier，feature，concentration，peculiarity，skill，major，ability，craft，thing，specialism，characteristic，i......

specialist美[speʃəlɪst]英[speʃəlɪst]n.专家；专科医生；专食性动物形容词：specialistic近义词：expert，authority，boffin，maven，whiz，doyen，consultant，connoisseur，master，veteran，pro，adept，professional，maestro，technician，oldh......

specialism美[speʃəlɪzəm]英[speʃəlɪzəm]n.专长；专攻；专业领域近义词：specialization，concentration，detail，narrowness，expertknowledge，specialty，speciality，specialisation，英英释义Nountheconcentrationofyoureffor......